Kuyanika Kupopera Kuli ndi Makhalidwe Osamutsa Kutentha Kwachangu Ndi Nthawi Yowuma Nthawi yomweyo

Kuyanika kwa utsi kumadziwika ndi kusamutsa kutentha mwachangu, kutuluka kwamadzi mwachangu, komanso nthawi yowuma nthawi yomweyo. Kupatula apo, mankhwalawa ali ndi mtundu wabwino, mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, komanso kusungunuka kwabwino, zomwe zimatha kusintha kuchuluka kwa kusungunuka kwa zokonzekera zina ndipo ndizoyenera mankhwala opangira thermosensitive. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyanika kopopera kumatha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pokonzekera ma microcapsules. Njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyanika utoto.

Njira yowumitsa yochotsera chinyezi popanga utoto wa atomizing. Oyenera kuyanika mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya utoto. Itha kuyanika ufa wa utoto wabwino kwambiri, ufa wopanda fumbi, ufa wopanda fumbi, ndi ma granules opanda pake.

Malinga ndi njira ya atomization utoto, akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu atatu:

(1) Airflow atomization, pogwiritsa ntchito wothinikizidwa mpweya kapena nthunzi wamadzi kuti atomize zinthu zamadzimadzi;

(2) Kupanikizika kwa atomization, kugwiritsa ntchito pampu yothamanga kwambiri kukanikiza zinthu zamadzimadzi kuchokera mumphuno pa liwiro lalikulu, kupanga nkhungu;

(3) Rotary atomization imaphatikizapo kuwonjezera zinthu zamadzimadzi ku chimbale chothamanga kwambiri (7000 ~ 20000 r / min) mu atomizer kuti atulutse mwachangu zinthu zamadzimadzi ndikuzipanga atomize. Njira yachitatu imakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino, nthawi yochepa, zokolola zambiri za anthu ogwira ntchito, ndipo zimakondedwa ndi makampani opanga utoto. Zoyipa zake ndizogulitsa zida zapamwamba komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri.

Mfundo yowumitsa utsi ndikumwaza zinthu kuti ziwumitsidwe kukhala tinthu tating'onoting'ono ngati chifunga pogwiritsa ntchito makina, (kuwonjezera malo omwe madzi amatuluka, kufulumizitsa kuyanika) kukhudzana ndi mpweya wotentha, kuchotsa madzi ambiri nthawi yomweyo, ndikuumitsa zinthu zolimba zomwe zili muzinthuzo kukhala ufa.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa kuyanika kupopera Ubwino wa kuyanika kupopera:

1. Kuyanika kumathamanga kwambiri;

2. Ikhoza kuyanika mwachindunji kukhala ufa;

3. Easy kusintha kuyanika zinthu ndi kusintha mfundo khalidwe mankhwala;

4. Chifukwa cha evaporation yomweyo, zofunika kusankha zipangizo zipangizo si okhwima;

5. Chipinda chowumira chimakhala ndi zovuta zina, kuonetsetsa kuti pakhale ukhondo panthawi yopanga, kupeŵa fumbi lowuluka pamsonkhano, ndikuwongolera chiyero cha mankhwala;

6. Kupanga kwakukulu kwapamwamba ndi ogwira ntchito ochepa.

Kuipa kwa kuyanika kwa spray:

1. Zidazi zimakhala zovuta, zimakhala ndi malo akuluakulu, ndipo zimafuna ndalama zambiri za nthawi imodzi;

2. Mtengo wa ma atomizer ndi zida zobwezeretsa ufa ndizokwera kwambiri;

3. Amafuna mpweya wambiri, kuonjezera mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi ndi mphamvu ya chipangizo chobwezeretsa;

4. Kutentha kochepa kwa kutentha ndi kutentha kwakukulu.

Zofunikira pakuyanika kwa spray pazida:

1. Zigawo zomwe zakhudzana ndi mankhwalawo ziyenera kukhala zosavuta kuyeretsa ndi kuthirira;

2. Miyezo iyenera kutengedwa kuti muteteze ufa wa coke kuti usatulutse mafunde a eddy ndi kutsutsana ndi mpweya wotentha;

3. Kuletsa mpweya kunyamula zonyansa mu mankhwala;

4. Okonzeka ndi kutentha ndi kuthamanga kusonyeza ndi kujambula zipangizo kuti kuyendera mosavuta ntchito kupanga;

5. Chida chobwezeretsa fumbi chokhala ndi chiwongoladzanja chachikulu;

6. Ufa uyenera kutulutsidwa mwachangu ndikukhazikika kuti ukhale wosungunuka komanso kusungunuka nthawi yomweyo;

7. Kutentha mkati mwa chipinda chowumitsa ndi kutentha kwa mpweya sikuyenera kupitirira 100 ℃ kuonetsetsa chitetezo ndi khalidwe;

8. Mukapopera, madontho a mkaka wokhazikika amalumikizana ndi mpweya wotentha kuti apititse patsogolo kutentha;

9. Chepetsani kumamatira khoma kwa zinthu zowoneka bwino momwe mungathere.

Gulu la zida zowumitsa zopopera zimagawidwa molingana ndi njira ya granulation:

1) Njira yowumitsa kupopera mphamvu:

① Mfundo Yofunika Kwambiri: Pogwiritsa ntchito pampu yothamanga kwambiri, zinthuzo zimasunthidwa kukhala 10-200 nkhungu ngati tinthu tating'onoting'ono kudzera mu atomizer (mfuti ya spray) pamphamvu ya 70-200 ya mumlengalenga, yomwe imalumikizana mwachindunji ndi mpweya wotentha kuti musinthe kutentha ndikumaliza kuyanika kwakanthawi kochepa.

② Chipangizo chopopera chopopera chopopera: Mtundu wa M ndi mtundu wa S, wokhala ndi poyambira womwe umapangitsa kuti madzi aziyenda mozungulira. Mzere wa M-mtundu wotsogolera poyambira ndi perpendicular kwa olamulira a nozzle ndipo samadutsana nawo; Mzere wa ngalande yowongoka yooneka ngati S ili pa ngodya ina mpaka yopingasa. Cholinga chake ndikuyesera kuonjezera chipwirikiti cha yankho panthawi yopopera.

2) Centrifugal utsi kuyanika njira:

① Mfundo Yofunika Kwambiri: Disiki yozungulira yothamanga kwambiri yomwe ili yopingasa imagwiritsidwa ntchito kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya centrifugal ku yankho, kupangitsa kuti aponyedwe mwachangu, ndikupanga filimu yopyapyala, waya wabwino, kapena dontho lamadzi. Chifukwa cha kukangana, kutsekereza, ndi kung'ambika kwa mpweya, kuthamanga kwa tangential komwe kumapangidwa ndi kuzungulira kwa disk ndi kuthamanga kwa radial komwe kumapangidwa ndi mphamvu ya centrifugal kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kuthamanga kophatikizana pa disk, ndi njira yozungulira mawonekedwe. Pambuyo madzi kutayidwa kuchokera litayamba pamwamba mzere wozungulira, Omwazika mu m'malovu ang'onoang'ono kwambiri, iwo amasuntha pamodzi tangential malangizo litayamba pa liwiro avareji, ndipo pa nthawi yomweyo, m'malovu kugwa pansi pa mphamvu yokoka pakati pa Dziko Lapansi, chifukwa cha miyeso yosiyanasiyana ya particles sprayed. Choncho, maulendo awo owuluka nawonso ndi osiyana, ndipo tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'onoting'ono timakhala tating'onoting'ono tozungulira.

② Zofunikira kuti mupeze madontho ofananirako:

a. Chepetsani kugwedezeka panthawi yozungulira disk

b. Kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe amalowa mu diski kumakhalabe kosasintha pa nthawi ya unit

c. Pamwamba pa disc ndi yosalala komanso yosalala. d. Kuthamanga kozungulira kwa disc sikuyenera kukhala kochepa kwambiri, rmin = 60m / s. Ngati emulsion (100-160m / s) ndi yosakwana 60m/s, madontho opopera sakhala ofanana. Mtunda wopopera umawoneka kuti umapangidwa makamaka ndi gulu la madontho ndi gulu la madontho abwino omwe akumira pafupi ndi diski, ndipo amachepetsa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa liwiro lozungulira.

③ Kapangidwe ka kutsitsi kwa centrifugal: zofunikira: kunyowetsa kozungulira ndikwatali, yankho limatha kufikira liwiro lalitali lozungulira, kutsitsi ndi yunifolomu, kapangidwe kake ndi kolimba, kopepuka, kosavuta, kopanda ngodya yakufa, kosavuta kugawa ndikutsuka, ndipo zokolola ndizambiri. Sankhani molingana ndi mawonekedwe a chipinda chowumitsira molingana ndi kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake pakati pa mpweya wotentha ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono touma mu chipinda chowumitsa: mtundu wothamanga wofanana, mtundu wa counter flow, mtundu wosakanikirana wosakanikirana. Njira zoyendetsera nthawi imodzi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mkaka. Njira yoyendera yofananira imatha kuwumitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwa mpweya wolowera kwambiri popanda kukhudza mtundu wa mankhwalawo.

a. Njira yolumikizira yopingasa yopingasa

b. Kutsika koyima ndi mawonekedwe oyenda

c. Osunthika otsika osakanikirana mtundu.

d. Utsi kuunika kwa chakudya chokwera chokwera ndi choyenda Chakudya china chammera chimatayika chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri. Kwa zomera izi, kuumitsa kozizira ndi njira yabwino yosungiramo ndende ndi kusunga. Komabe, zomera zina zimafuna kutentha kwina kuti zichotse poizoni. Kwa zomera izi, teknoloji yowumitsa kupopera ndi yabwino. Tengani nyemba za soya mwachitsanzo. Kuphatikizikako kumafuna kutentha kwina kuti muchotse chinthu chotchedwa trypsin inhibitors (chomwe chimalepheretsa chimbudzi ndi kuwonongeka kwa mapuloteni).

Kuyanika kwa utsi nthawi zambiri ndi gawo lomaliza popanga zinthu, zomwe ndikusintha zinthu kuchokera kumadzi kupita ku ufa kudzera mukupopera kosalekeza, kusakaniza ndi kuyanika. Pakati pa matekinoloje ambiri osungira zakudya, kuyanika kopopera kuli ndi ubwino wake wapadera. Chifukwa kutentha komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito muukadaulowu sikokwera kwambiri, kumatha kusunga kukoma, mtundu, ndi kadyedwe kachakudya ndikuchotsa kuipitsidwa ndi tizilombo. Kuyanika utsi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa madzi ku zipangizo. Kuphatikiza apo, ili ndi ntchito zina zosiyanasiyana, monga kusintha kukula, mawonekedwe, kapena kuchuluka kwazinthu. Itha kuthandizira powonjezera zosakaniza zina panthawi yopanga, kuthandizira kupanga zinthu zokhala ndi miyezo yolimba kwambiri. Kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka njira yowumitsira utsi Musanaumitse utsi, soya uyenera kutsukidwa ndi kusenda, ndipo zinthu zopanda mapuloteni monga mafuta ziyenera kuchepetsedwa, kuti muyeso wa soya ukhale wopatsa thanzi kwambiri. Pambuyo ndende wotere, soya akhoza utsi zouma.

Njira yeniyeni yowumitsa utsi imatha kugawidwa m'njira zingapo:

Choyamba, mankhwala amadzimadzi amadyetsedwa mu atomizer, pomwe gudumu lothamanga kwambiri limatembenuza madziwo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mankhwalawa akhale olimba amadzimadzi osakanikirana tinthu.

Pachigawo chachiwiri, tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta atomu timapita kuchipinda chowumitsa ndi kutentha kosinthika komanso kutuluka kwa mpweya, ndipo mpweya wotentha umatulutsa madzi mu particles. Kuti mankhwala omaliza agwirizane ndi miyezo, nthawi yolumikizana ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tokhala ndi mpweya wotentha iyenera kukhala yoyenera kusunga chinyezi chambiri mu ufa; Panthawi imodzimodziyo, boma mu chipinda chowumitsa liyeneranso kuyang'aniridwa bwino, monga kukula kwa chipinda chowumitsira mpweya ndi mpweya wa mpweya zingakhudze zakudya za mankhwala.

Gawo lachitatu ndi lomaliza mu pulogalamu yonseyi ndikusonkhanitsa ufa mu mpweya wotuluka mu chidebe kudzera pa olekanitsa, kotero kuti chomalizacho chikhoza kupakidwa kapena kusakaniza ndi zigawo zina.

Mawonekedwe:Liwiro loyanika mwachangu. Pambuyo pa kupopera kwa centrifugal, pamwamba pa madzi amadzimadzi amawonjezeka kwambiri. Mu mpweya wotentha kwambiri, 95% - 98% ya madzi amatha kusungunuka nthawi yomweyo, ndipo nthawi yowuma ndi masekondi ochepa chabe. Kuyanika kofananirako kutha kupangitsa kuti madonthowo aziyenda mbali imodzi ndi mpweya wotentha. Ngakhale kutentha kwa mpweya wotentha ndi wokwera, mpweya wotentha umalowa m'chipinda chowumitsira ndipo nthawi yomweyo umalumikizana ndi madontho opopera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kutentha kwa m'nyumba kutsika kwambiri, pamene kutentha kwa babu yonyowa kwa zinthuzo sikunasinthe, kotero ndi koyeneranso kuyanika zipangizo zotentha.